Abraham Maslow:
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actualize the self
esteem
love and belonging,
safety and security
basic needs
"WHOLENESS (unity; integration; tendency to one-ness; interconnectedness; simplicity; organization; structure; dichotomy-transcendence; order);
PERFECTION (necessity; just-right-ness; just-so-ness; inevitability; suitability; justice; completeness; "oughtness");
COMPLETION (ending; finality; justice; "it's finished"; fulfillment; finis and telos; destiny; fate);
JUSTICE (fairness; orderliness; lawfulness; "oughtness");
ALIVENESS (process; non-deadness; spontaneity; self-regulation; full-functioning);
RICHNESS (differentiation, complexity; intricacy);
SIMPLICITY (honesty; ness; essentiality; abstract, essential, skeletal structure);
BEAUTY (rightness; form; aliveness; simplicity; richness; wholeness; perfection; completion; uniqueness; honesty);
GOODNESS (rightness; desireability; oughtness; justice; benevolence; honesty);
UNIQUENESS (idiosyncrasy; individuality; non-comparability; novelty);
EFFORTLESSNESS (ease; lack of strain, striving or difficulty; grace; perfect, beautiful functioning);
PLAYFULNESS (fun; joy; amusement; gaiety; humor; exuberance; effortlessness);
TRUTH (honesty; reality; (nakedness; simplicity; richness; oughtness; beauty; pure, clean and unadulterated; completeness; essentiality).
SELF-SUFFICIENCY (autonomy; independence; not-needing-other-than-itself-in-order-to-be-itself; self-determining; environment-transcendence; separateness; living by its own laws). "
Quote Credit: http://www.maslow.org/sub/bvals.htm
Books in Print:
Maslow, A. (1973). The Farther Reaches of Human Nature. NY: Viking.
Maslow, A. (1996). Future Visions: The Unpublished Papers of Abraham Maslow. (Ed: Edward Hoffman) CA: Sage Publications.
Maslow, A. (2000). The Maslow Business Reader. (Ed: Deborah Stephens) NY: Wiley.
Maslow, A. 1998). Maslow on Management With added interviews by Deborah Stephens and Gary Heil. NY: Wiley.
Maslow, A. (1954). Motivation and Personality. NY: Harper.
Maslow, A. (2002). The psychology of science: a reconnaissance. Chapel Hill, NC: Maurice Bassett Publishing.
Maslow, A. (1976). Religions, Values and Peak-Experiences. NY: Penguin Books.
Maslow, A. (1998). Toward a Psychology of Being. NY: Van Nostrand.
Bibliography credit: modified from: http://www.maslow.com/#due
For out of print books see: http://www.maslow.com/#due
Goble, F. (2004) The Third Force: The Psychology of Abraham Maslow. Chapel Hill, NC: Maurice Bassett Publishing.
| "Needs | Description
|
| Physiological needs | Thirst, food, sleep, warmth, activity, avoiding pain, and sex |
| Safety and security needs | Shelter, stability, protection, salary, pension. |
| Love and belonging needs | Friends, partner, children, relationships and community |
| Esteem needs | Respect, status, reputation, dignity. Self-respect, confidence and achievement. |
| Self-actualization | Aspirational need, the desire to fulfil your potential. |
The first four are all ‘deficit’ or ‘D-needs’. If they are not present, you’ll feel their absence and yearn for them. When each is satisfied you reach a state of homeostasis where the yearning stops. All of these are survival needs and mostly genetic.
The last, self-actualisation, does not involve homeostasis, but once felt is always there. Maslow saw this as applying to a tiny number of people, whose basic four levels are satisfied leaving them free to look beyond their deficit needs. He used a qualitative technique called ‘biographical analysis’. He looked at high achievers and found that they enjoyed solitude, close relationships with a few rather than many, autonomy and resisted social norms. Spontaneity, simplicity and respect for others were other characteristics." www.epic.co.uk/.../ email_newsletter/maslow.htm
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